Microbiota e sistema immunitario

Gli studi sul microbiota oculare hanno evidenziato la presenza di una vasta gamma di specie batteriche, alcune delle quali potrebbero avere un ruolo protettivo nei confronti di alcune patologie oculari.

In particolare, l'interazione tra microbiota oculare e sistema immunitario dell'ospite sembra giocare un ruolo chiave nella regolazione della risposta infiammatoria locale, attraverso la produzione di interleuchine pro- e anti-infiammatorie.

Alcune ricerche suggeriscono che il microbiota oculare possa influenzare la produzione di interleuchina-17 (IL-17), che svolge un ruolo importante nell'immunità innata contro alcune infezioni batteriche. Allo stesso modo, alcune specie batteriche del microbiota oculare sembrano essere in grado di modulare la produzione di interleuchina-10 (IL-10), una citochina anti-infiammatoria che svolge un ruolo importante nella prevenzione dell'eccessiva risposta immunitaria che potrebbe danneggiare i tessuti oculari.

Il microbiota dunque, influenzando la bilancia immunitaria e la sintesi di interleukine, potrebbe essere un target terapeutico da tenere in considerazione in alcune patologie oculari.

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Tagged in: Ocular Dysbiosis

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